接长锚杆技术在复杂困难巷道中的应用研究

1.中国矿业大学(北京)资源与安全工程学院,北京 100083; 2.天地科技股份有限公司 开采设计事业部,北京 100013

接长锚杆; 让压支护; 矿压观测; 经济效益

Application of the long bolt technology in the complex difficult tunnel
LIU Feng-ming1,2

(1.Faculty of Resource and Safety Engineering,China University of Mining & Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China; 2.Coal Mining Department,Tiandi Science & Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China)

lengthening bolt; allowable pressure support; pressure observation; economic benefit

DOI: 10.13800/j.cnki.xakjdxxb.2016.0404文章编号:1672-9315(2016)04-0470-08

备注

在煤矿巷道支护中,锚杆锚索支护是最常见的支护构件,然而由于锚索延伸率过低,通常在巷道围岩产生离层时破断失效,有的直接整根锚索脱落,导致巷道支护强度降低,极易发生冒顶事故,特别是在地质条件相对复杂的巷道更为突出。文中以接长锚杆代替锚索为研究内容,通过理论分析和现场实测等方法,从巷道冒顶机理的角度分析接长锚杆和锚索的各自优缺点,进而阐述接长锚杆的优越性能。结果 表明:接长锚杆的力学性与锚索对比有很大优势,能够较好地与煤岩体形成统一的承载结构,其自身长度远大于理论计算的巷道冒顶高度,且允许围岩发生较大变形,有利于巷道围岩形成楔形拱,增加了围岩的自承能力; 节约钻孔和安装时间,从而提高巷道的掘进速度,进而节约巷道支护成本。

Cable extension rate is so low that separation broken can be found in the tunnel surrounding rock.Especially in the complex and difficult tunnel,the situation is much more prominent.In this paper,the content is long bolt replaced cable and the advantages of the long bolt are described by theoretical analysis and field test.It can be assumed that support scheme with lengthening bolt compared original plan is more superiority in the technical and economic areas.Experimental research shows that:lengthening bolt which has superior performance mechanical structure can form a unified supporting bearing structure with surrounding rock; the length of lengthening bolt is much more than the surrounding rock roof height.It not only can allow great deformation of roadway surrounding rock but also be conducive to the formation of wedge-shaped arch,which increase the stability of surrounding rock; it also can save drilling and installation time while improving the roadway construction speed.