突水溃沙通道分区及发育高度研究
刘 洋1,2

1.中国煤炭科工集团西安研究院有限公司 水文所,陕西 西安 710054; 2.西安科技大学 建筑与土木工程学院,陕西 西安 710054

突水溃沙; 导水沙裂缝带; 竖两带; 横两区; 发育高度

Study on development height and the partition of water and sand inrush channel
LIU Yang1,2

(1.Hydrogeology Research Institute,Xi'an Research Institute of China Coal Technology & Engineering Group Crop,Xi'an 710054,China; 2.School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Science & Technology,Xi'an 710054,China)

water inrush and sand inrush; water and sand flowing fractured zone; vertical two-zone; transverse two-area; development height

DOI: 10.13800/j.cnki.xakjdxxb.2015.0112

备注

根据浅埋煤层不同基岩厚度所面临的突水溃沙灾害威胁程度差异,须对不同溃沙通道类型进行科学划分,并提出突水溃沙灾害配套的专有名词,为制定针对性的灾害防治措施提供可靠的理论依据。鉴于导水裂缝带是从顶板水害防治角度提出的概念,对于新时期条件下的水砂溃涌灾害问题已经无法适用,因此必须寻求一种基于水砂溃涌灾害防治要求的新概念,通过对其发育规律及高度的研究,为揭示顶板突水溃沙机理奠定基础。据此,通过相似模拟分析了浅埋煤层覆岩破坏特征,将浅埋煤层开采后的覆岩发育形态自上而下划分为网络性裂缝带和冒落性裂缝带,自外向内划分为贯通性裂缝区和方向性裂缝区,即竖“两带”、横“两区”,并从防治突水溃沙灾害角度出发,提出了导水沙裂缝带的概念; 同时依据物理模拟实验结果建立了“导水沙拱”力学模型,运用结构力学、岩体力学和散体力学对导水沙裂缝带高度进行了理论推导,在得出4个解后,将涉及到的各参数取值区间代入到4个解中,最终确定导水沙裂缝带高度计算公式并,该成果为突水溃沙灾害防治体系提供了一定的理论依据,有效指导该类灾害的防治工作。

According to the difference extent of the threat from water and sand inrush hazard facing the shallow coal seam of different thickness rock,must divide the sand inrush channel types scientifically, put forward the proper nouns related to water and sand inrush disaster,and then provide reliable theoretical basis for disaster prevention measures.In view of the water flowing fractured zone is the concept put forward from the roof water inrush prevention angle,it can not suit the prevention for the water and sand inrush in the new period,so we must seek a new concept based on the requirement of preventing water and sand inrush,and lay the foundation for revealing the mechanism of the roof water and sand inrush through the research for the development and height.Therefore,through the simulation theory to analyze the failure characteristics of overburden rock in shallow buried coal seam,the morphological development of the overlying rock extracted mining of shallow seam is divided network cracks region and caving crack region as top-down,and from the outside to the inside is divided into the penetrating crack zone and directional crack zone,namely “two regions” in the vertical and “two zone” in the horizontal,and starting from the prevention of water and sand inrush,put forward the concept of water-sand guiding crack region; at the same time,based on the results of physical simulation experiment established the mechanical model which named “water-sand guiding arch”,deduced the height of the water-sand guiding crack region by the structural mechanics,rock mechanics and the mechanics of granular media,then put the values,intervals of the parameters involved into the four solution,determine the height of the water-sand guiding crack region ultimately,the results provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control system for the water and sand inrush hazard,and guide the prevention and control work for this kind disasters effectively.