高层建筑物地基沉降监测与分析

中煤西安设计工程有限责任公司,陕西 西安 710054

高层建筑物; 黄土; 沉降监测; 差异分析; 二级水准测量

Monitor and analysis of ground subsidence for high-rise building
QIAN Si-zhong,FAN Yu-hao

(Xi'an Design Engineering Co.,Ltd.,China Coal Group,Xi'an 710054,China)

high-rise buildings; loess; subsidence monitor; difference analysis; two-level measure

备注

高层建筑在施工期间,随主体荷载的增加,势必造成主体不规则下沉,其局部不均匀沉降可能导致建筑物发生倾斜。为了确保建筑物的正常施工及安全使用,对高层建筑进行沉降监测和变形趋势预测具有重要意义。结合某高层住宅的沉降监测实践,在简要介绍工程概况和场地工程地质条件及水文地质条件的基础上,叙述了工程监测的具体要求和具体的监测方案,详细地阐述了沉降监测、分析和预测的过程。在定期对某高层建筑进行了沉降监测后,对沉降结果进行了几何分析并绘制了沉降等值线图,同时利用数据处理分析软件Origin8.0对不同观测点沉降量随时间的变化关系进行了多项式拟合并开展了相关预测。监测结果表明:该建筑物的沉降变形阶段性明显,沉降速率受施工速度与场地降水影响较大。实测最终沉降量小于计算值和经验值,不均匀沉降变化远小于规范允许的变形值,说明该建筑的桩基设计方案可行,施工质量可靠。对不同观测点沉降量随时间的变化关系拟合计算结果显示:监测结束1年内,建筑物的沉降基本趋于稳定,沉降变形特征符合一般高层建筑的沉降规律。文中所提出的监测方案和监测结果说明该工程沉降监测的设计方案可行、监测方法正确,为类似条件下高层建筑的安全施工与管理提供了重要参考依据。

During high-rise buildings construction,the increasing loading leads to irregular subsidence of main building.The local irregular subsidence may result in leaned building.To ensure normal construction and safe use of building,it is significant to monitor subsidence and predict the deformation trend of high-rise building.Combined with the practice of subsidence monitoring for high-rise building and based on the brief introduction to engineering overview,engineering geological and hydrological conditions of the site,the specific requirements of engineering monitor and monitoring scheme are related,as well as the process of monitor,analyze and predict subsidence.With monitoring the high-rise buildings regularly,subsidence results should be geometrical analysis and contour map of subsidence should be provided.Polynomial fitting and related mthods are used for different subsidence prediction with the time by Origin8.0.Monitoring results shows that the subsidence of building has the obvious gradual characteristic.The construction speed and site precipitation has great influence on subsidence rate.The measured ultimate subsidence is less than calculated value and experience value while the uneven subsidence changes are less than the allowed deformation value in design specification,which shows the qualified design and construction.The results of polynomial fitting from different observation points shows that subsidence of building is stable within one year and the characteristic of subsidence is coincided with the general subsidence of high-rise building.In this paper,the monitoring results show that the design of engineering subsidence monitoring of the site is workable and the monitoring method is suitable.It provides significant reference for safety construction and management of high-rise building.